论文部分内容阅读
灵氛与讽喻被普遍认为是本雅明美学中最重要的两个概念。但“灵氛”暧昧难解几乎到达了令人绝望的程度,甚至不容易知道本雅明是赞成还是反对灵氛。他一方面赞颂当代艺术实践的种种激进革命摧毁了灵氛,但与此同时,他对灵氛的描写又明显充满着深情的回眸,而这种回眸绝不仅仅意味着一种浅薄的文化乡愁,而明显蕴含着具有真理性内容的形而上冲动。而只有把本雅明对于灵氛的思考理解为一种哲学星座,理解为一种思想蒙太奇,理解为把不可以兼容的极端强行聚集在“灵氛”这一理念下的努力,也就是说,唯有把这一概念加以讽喻地理解,在他对此概念的各种相互冲突的解释中寻找某种程度的逻辑公分母,才是可能的。灵氛要获得自我生成,必然呈现为一个辩证运动过程。但是,本雅明相信,重大的历史转折点已经来临,灵氛必须摧毁,而事实上,摧毁本身就具有隐秘而浓厚的神学意义,祛除灵氛是政治承诺要求做出的必要牺牲,唯有这种牺牲才能保留神学意图的本质。因为西方理性以启蒙的意义出现的进步实质是永久灾难的内部调适,而技术又具有颠覆功能,社会又必须学会掌握技术以便干预历史的进程。所以,本雅明对灵氛的严厉批判以及对灵氛的热切瞻望,都构成了灵氛理论自身奇特的讽喻式结构。
Emotions and allegories are generally considered the two most important concepts in Benjamin’s aesthetics. However, the ambiguous ambiguity reached almost desperately. It was even not easy to know whether Benjamin favored or opposed the ambience. On the one hand, he praised the radical revolutions in the practice of contemporary art and destroyed the spiritual atmosphere. However, at the same time, his description of the spiritual atmosphere is obviously full of his affectionate thoughts. This review must not only mean a superficial culture nostalgia , While obviously containing the metaphysical impulse of truth content. Only understanding Benjamin’s thinking of the spiritual world as a philosophical constellation can be understood as a montage of ideas understood as an effort to gather extreme incompatibility under the notion of a “spiritual atmosphere,” that is, Only by allying this concept allegory, it is possible to find some degree of logical common denominator in his various conflicting interpretations of the concept. To obtain self-generated spiritual atmosphere, must present a dialectical process of movement. However, Benjamin believes that major historical turning points have come, and the spiritual atmosphere must be destroyed. In fact, the destruction itself has a secular and profound theological significance. Getting rid of the spiritual atmosphere is the necessary sacrifice required by political commitment. Only this Sacrifice can preserve the essence of theological intentions. Since the essence of progress in Western rationalism in the meaning of enlightenment is the internal adjustment of a permanent disaster, and technology has subversive functions, society must learn to master the technology in order to intervene in the process of history. Therefore, Benjamin’s harsh critique of the spiritual atmosphere and his keen interest in the spiritual atmosphere all constitute the peculiar allegory structure of the psychic theory.