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背景:膜部和嵴内型室间隔缺损周围结构比较复杂,进行封堵治疗存在一定的难度,因此确定最佳干预方法需要建立相应的动物模型。目的:在超声心动图定位下建立室间隔膜部及嵴内型缺损动物模型。设计:动物造模实验。单位:复旦大学附属中山医院心内科。材料:选用健康成年草狗6只,雌雄不拘,从上海市实验动物中心购置。实验用主动脉-大隐静脉近端吻合器-打孔器为美国St.Jude公司产品,并对其进行改良即将其头部的塑料外壳成分削平、薄,也可把塑料外壳削短,使通过荷包进右室穿刺室间隔时阻力减少。Philips Sonos 5500多功能超声诊断仪由美国菲利普公司生产,经胸超声探头频率为2.5～3.5MHz。方法:实验于2006-04/07在复旦大学附属中山医院、上海市心血管病研究所中心实验室完成(生物级别:BSL2级)。将6只草狗麻醉后,取卧位,在超声心动图定位下,使用主动脉-大隐静脉近端吻合器-打孔器对室间隔穿刺,制备室间隔缺损。实验中动物处置符合复旦大学实验动物伦理委员会要求。主要观察指标:术后1周行超声诊断仪检查室间隔缺损位置、最大分流速度,跨室间隔缺损处压差,肺动脉压力。结果:成活的3只草狗成功建立了室间隔缺损模型并进入结果分析。采用超声诊断仪于术后1周测得2只为嵴内型室间隔缺损,1只为膜部室间隔缺损;室间隔缺损直径1.8～3.6mm。测得室间隔缺损处最大分流速度为1.8～4.0m/s;跨室间隔缺损处压差42～51mmHg;肺动脉收缩压23～29mmHg。结论:在超声心动图定位下采用改良的主动脉-大隐静脉近端打孔器对室间隔穿刺可成功建立嵴内型/膜部室间隔缺损。
BACKGROUND: The structures around the membranous and crista-type ventricular septal defect are complex, and it is difficult to block the treatment. Therefore, it is necessary to establish the appropriate animal model to determine the best intervention method. OBJECTIVE: To establish an animal model of interventricular septum and intracranial defects under echocardiographic localization. Design: animal modeling experiment. Unit: Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Department of Cardiology. MATERIALS: 6 healthy adult grass dogs were chosen, both male and female, purchased from Shanghai Experimental Animal Center. Experimental aorta - saphenous vein near stapler - punch for the United States St.Jude company’s products, and its improvement is about the head of the plastic shell composition flat, thin, plastic shell can also be shortened so that Reduced resistance when purse enters right ventricular puncture room. Philips Sonos 5500 multi-function ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus produced by the United States Phillips, transthoracic ultrasonic probe frequency of 2.5 ~ 3.5MHz. Methods: The experiment was performed at Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University and the Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory (Bio-level: BSL2) from April to April 2007. Six rabbits were anesthetized and the supine position was taken. The aorta-saphenous vein proximal stapler-hole puncture device was used to puncture the ventricular septum under echocardiography to prepare ventricular septal defect. Animal experiments in accordance with the Fudan University Animal Ethics Committee requirements. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: One week after operation, the position of ventricular septal defect, the maximum shunting velocity, the pressure difference at transseptal septal defect and pulmonary artery pressure were examined with ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus. Results: Three surviving grass dogs successfully established the ventricular septal defect model and entered the result analysis. Ultrasound was used to detect 2 intracavitary ventricular septal defects and 1 ventricular septal defect at 1 week after surgery. The ventricular septal defect was 1.8-3.6 mm in diameter. Measured ventricular septal defect maximum shunt velocity of 1.8 ~ 4.0m / s; trans-ventricular septal defect pressure 42 ~ 51mmHg; pulmonary artery systolic blood pressure 23 ~ 29mmHg. CONCLUSIONS: Crista / membranous ventricular septal defect can be successfully established by using modified aorta saphenous vein proximal perforator for ventricular septum puncture under echocardiographic localization.