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目的探讨肝硬化患者医院感染的相关因素,并总结治疗策略,对其临床预防与治疗提供指导。方法回顾性分析2012年1-12月在医院接受治疗的68例肝硬化患者的临床资料,分析肝硬化患者医院感染的相关因素,并总结治疗对策。结果 68例肝硬化患者中发生感染15例,医院感染率22.1%;感染类型以腹水感染、下呼吸道感染、泌尿系感染为主,分别占33.3%、20.0%、20.0%;15例感染患者中检出病原菌12株,检出率80.0%,其中革兰阳性菌占75.0%,革兰阴性菌占16.7%,真菌占8.3%,患者年龄、肝功能状态、住院时间、侵入性操作、抗菌药物使用与肝硬化患者医院感染的发生密切关系(P<0.05)。结论医院肝硬化患者感染率较高,导致感染发生的危险因素众多,应根据危险因素制定相应的干预措施,以预防及控制肝硬化患者医院感染的发生。
Objective To investigate the related factors of nosocomial infection in cirrhotic patients and to summarize the treatment strategies and provide guidance for its clinical prevention and treatment. Methods The clinical data of 68 patients with cirrhosis who were treated in hospital from January to December in 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. The related factors of nosocomial infection in cirrhotic patients were analyzed and the treatment strategies were summarized. Results Among the 68 patients with cirrhosis, 15 cases were infected and the rate of nosocomial infection was 22.1%. The infection types were mainly ascites, lower respiratory tract infection and urinary tract infection, accounting for 33.3%, 20.0% and 20.0% respectively. In 15 infected patients 12 strains of pathogens were detected, the detection rate was 80.0%, of which Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 75.0%, Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 16.7%, fungi accounted for 8.3%, patient’s age, liver function status, hospitalization time, invasive operation, antibacterial drugs Use and hospitalized cirrhosis patients with the occurrence of a close relationship (P <0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of nosocomial cirrhosis patients is high, leading to many risk factors for infection. Corresponding interventions should be made according to risk factors to prevent and control nosocomial infections in patients with cirrhosis.