痛苦和患难既具体又真实,我们直接就可以感受到他们,用不着幻想和期待。——叔本华这句话的意思是痛苦是真真正正地存在着,每个人都不用甚至不会去幻想和期待痛苦的降临。即便你乖乖地坐在家里,麻烦也会找上门来。人往往都是被动的,而痛苦和麻烦是主动的,这种主动性则决定了其客观存在性。快乐就恰恰相反,都是人主动地追寻快乐。换句话说,就是也许快乐根本不存在,只是因为人的向往,人用自己的能动性作用去挖掘或创造了某种快乐来供人享受。 Pain and suffering are both concrete and real, and we can feel them directly, without imagining or looking forward to it. - The meaning of Schopenhauer’s phrase is that suffering is real and true. Everyone does not even have to go to imagine and expect painful advent. Even if you obediently sitting at home, trouble will come to you. People are often passive, and pain and trouble are active, this initiative determines its objective existence. On the contrary, happiness is the pursuit of happiness on the initiative. In other words, perhaps happiness does not exist at all. It is only because of human longing that people dig or create some kind of happiness for their enjoyment through their own initiative.