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芳香族化合物核上取代反应包括一种键的生成和一种键的破坏。若这种新生的键的一对电子由芳香核给予,也就是取代试剂以零个电子参与键的构成,称为亲电取代反应;若芳香核和取代试剂各以一个电子构成新键,则称为游离基取代反应;若这种新键的一对电子是由取代试剂单方面提供,则称为亲核取代反应。可以举出下面两种反应作为芳香族化合物亲核取代反应的例子:
Aromatic substitutions on the nucleus include the formation of a bond and the destruction of a bond. If a pair of electrons of this newborn bond is given by the aromatic nucleus, that is, the structure of substituting the reagent with zero electrons participating in the bond is called electrophilic substitution reaction; if the aromatic nucleus and the substitution reagent each form a new bond with one electron, Called free radical substitution reaction; if a pair of electrons of this new bond is provided unilaterally by the substitution reagent, it is called a nucleophilic substitution reaction. The following two reactions can be cited as examples of nucleophilic substitution of aromatics: