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我国目前判定外观设计侵权主要是依据“整体比较”标准体系,包括“同类产品”判断范围、“一般消费者”判断主体和“整体比较”判断方法三个要素。判定的重心是整体视觉效果是否让一般消费者发生混淆。随着司法实践的不断丰富,“整体比较”标准体系的三个要素都开始显露很多局限,为了弥补该标准体系的不足,有的学者将目光投向了“创新标准”。创新标准将判定的重心放在了授权外观设计与被控侵权设计在创新部分的比对上。这一标准解决了“整体比较”标准面临的一些问题,但是同样存在一些不足。面对两种标准各自的优势和不足,我们应该在坚持整体比较的框架内充分吸纳创新标准的精髓,在协调判定标准三要素的基础上构建新的判定标准。
At present, the judgments of design infringement in our country are mainly based on the standard system of “overall comparison”, including the judgment range of “similar products”, the judgment body of “average consumer” and the judgment method of “overall comparison”. The center of gravity of the judgment is whether the overall visual effects confuse the average consumer. With the continuous enrichment of judicial practice, all the three elements of the system of “overall comparison” have begun to reveal many limitations. Some scholars have turned their attention to “innovation standards” in order to make up for the deficiency of the standard system. Innovative standards will focus on the judgment of the authorized design and accused of infringing design in the innovative part of the comparison. This standard solves some of the problems facing the “overall comparison” standard, but there are also some deficiencies. In the face of the respective strengths and weaknesses of the two standards, we should fully absorb the essence of innovative standards within the framework of overall comparison and build a new standard of determination based on the coordination of the three elements of the criteria.