目前,科学技术发展的水平不仅决定着产品的新颖性和质量,而且对产品在世界市场上的竞争能力产生着越来越大的影响,因此,各国都把鼓励科学研究和试验设计工作、促进经济发展作为制定统一政策的基础。发达资本主义国家为了保证其需求并加强垄断集团在外贸市场上的竞争地位,对科研领域的干预也越来越多了。在这种情况下,政府直接或间接地成为以采用先进科技成果为基础而建立新生产部门的首创者。这样,政府就需要投入大笔资金,并需要部分(或全部)承担超出私营公司利益范围的基础研究费用。 At present, the level of development of science and technology not only determines the novelty and quality of products, but also has a greater and greater impact on the competitiveness of products in the world market. Therefore, all countries encourage the scientific research and experimental design work to promote Economic development serves as a basis for formulating a unified policy. In order to guarantee their demand and strengthen the competitive position of the monopolistic groups in the foreign trade market, developed capitalist countries have also made more and more interventions in the field of scientific research. Under such circumstances, the government, directly or indirectly, has become the pioneer of establishing a new production department based on the adoption of advanced scientific and technological achievements. In this way, the government needs to invest large sums of money and need to partially (or entirely) take on basic research costs that go beyond private-sector interests.