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目的分析甘肃省7个藏族县(市)采用犬驱虫预防包虫病的效果。方法 2008-2010年在甘肃省7个藏族县(市)采取犬驱虫,在干预措施实施前后分别在7个藏族县(市)采集一所小学6~13岁组学生的血清,应用ELISA法检测棘球蚴抗体,比较两年抗体阳性率;采集犬粪标本,ELISA法检测棘球绦虫抗原,比较粪抗原阳性率。结果2008年7个藏族县(市)检测学生血清14 395份,血清棘球蚴抗体阳性率4.47%;2010年检测10 740份,阳性率2.56%。碌曲县、临潭县、玛曲县、卓尼县、夏河县和合作市差异有统计学意义(P<0.005)。7个藏族县(市)2008年ELISA法检测犬粪棘球绦虫抗原5 431份,阳性率11.08%;2010年检测5 260份,阳性率5.19%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=65.29,P<0.01)。结论实施包虫病防控措施3年期间,7个藏族县(市)学生血清棘球蚴抗体阳性率和犬棘球绦虫抗原阳性率均呈快速降低趋势,提示干预措施预防包虫病传播效果明显。
Objective To analyze the effect of dog de-worming on the prevention of hydatid disease in 7 Tibetan counties (cities) in Gansu Province. Methods A total of 7 Tibetan counties (cities) in Gansu Province from 2008 to 2010 adopted deworming dogs. Before and after the implementation of the intervention measures, sera from 6 to 13-year-old primary school students were collected in 7 Tibetan counties (cities) Echinococcus antibodies were detected, and the positive rate of antibody was compared over two years. The dogs were collected for canine faecal antigen. The antigen of Echinococcus granulosus was detected by ELISA and the positive rate of fecal antigen was compared. Results In 2008, 14 395 serum samples were obtained from 7 Tibetan counties (cities). The positive rate of serum antibody was 4.47%. In 2010, 10 740 copies were detected, the positive rate was 2.56%. Luqu County, Lintan County, Maqu County, Zhuoni County, Xiahe County and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.005). There were 5 431 positive cases of Echinococcus & canis in 7 Tibetan counties (cities) in 2008, 5260 cases were detected in 2010, and the positive rate was 5.19%. The difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 65.29, P <0.01). Conclusions During the three years of echinococcosis control and prevention measures, the positive rates of serum antibody of hydatid cyst and the positive rate of antigen of Echinococcus granulosus in seven Tibetan counties (cities) all showed a rapid decrease trend, suggesting that the interventions should prevent the transmission of hydatid disease obvious.