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目的分析深圳市2009—2013年甲型H1N1流感疫情特征,为今后流行性感冒(简称流感)大流行防控提供科学依据。方法对2009—2013年甲型H1N1流感疫情报告资料进行流行病学分析,重点回顾分析2009年采取的防控策略。结果 2009年5月28日深圳市报告首例输入性病例,2009年报告1 982例甲型H1N1流感病例,发病率为22.42/10万,重症病例155例,死亡5例,发病率、报告病例数、重症病例、死亡病例均居5年的首位。2009年深圳市经历了疫情输入、扩散、流行高峰期,2010—2013年处于流行后期。5年累计报告病例中5~19岁人群所占比例最高(63.41%),学生占55.71%。2009—2013年全市累计报告291起甲型H1N1流感聚集性疫情,主要发生在学校及托幼机构,占92.78%(270/291)。疫情发生报告时间间隔与疫情持续时间呈正相关(r为0.598,P<0.05)。结论该市应建立流感的全面监测系统,对重点场所、人群采取相应措施,根据疫情的不同阶段采取针对性措施能有效防控疫情。在流感大流行应对的实战中积累经验,并推动疾病防控体系的发展。
Objective To analyze the epidemic situation of Influenza A (H1N1) in Shenzhen from 2009 to 2013 and provide a scientific basis for future prevention and control of influenza. Methods Epidemiological analysis of influenza A (H1N1) outbreak data from 2009 to 2013 was conducted, focusing on the analysis of the prevention and control strategies adopted in 2009. Results The first imported case was reported on May 28, 2009 in Shenzhen City. In 2009, a total of 1 982 cases of Influenza A (H1N1) were reported, with an incidence rate of 22.42 / 100 000, 155 severe cases and 5 deaths. The incidence and reported cases Number, severe cases, deaths rank first in five years. In 2009, Shenzhen experienced an outbreak of epidemics, proliferation and the peak of epidemic. It was in the late 2010-2013 epidemic. The 5-year cumulative reported cases of patients aged 5 to 19 accounted for the highest proportion (63.41%), students accounted for 55.71%. A total of 291 Influenza A H1N1 influenza outbreaks were reported in 2009-2013 in the city, accounting for 92.78% (270/291) of the total. The time interval of reporting the outbreak was positively correlated with the duration of the outbreak (r = 0.598, P <0.05). Conclusion The city should establish a comprehensive influenza surveillance system, take appropriate measures to key places and populations, and take appropriate measures according to different stages of the epidemic to effectively prevent and control the epidemic. Accumulate experience in actual combat of influenza pandemic and promote the development of disease prevention and control system.