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目的了解天津市小学生健康知识现状,为学校健康教育项目的制订及实施提供线索。方法选取天津市城乡3所小学三~五年级学生1 179名进行问卷调查。问卷健康知识内容包括5类20题,对问卷得分及知晓率进行分析。结果小学生对20个问题中的19个问题知晓率达到50%以上,其中7个问题的知晓率在95%以上。城市学生、男生得分较高,三年级学生得分低于其他2个年级。知晓率排前3位的健康问题分别是知道报警电话、科学运动、生吃瓜果要洗净,知晓率分别为99.7%,98.2%,97.6%。知晓率相对较低的问题有人体器官知识、预防营养不良、龋齿预防知识,知晓率分别为67.3%,65.3%,24.1%。结论应结合城乡、性别及年级对小学生实施学校健康教育项目。
Objective To understand the status quo of primary school students’ health knowledge in Tianjin and provide clues for the formulation and implementation of school health education programs. Methods A total of 1 179 students from Grade 3 to Grade 5 in 3 primary and secondary schools in urban and rural areas of Tianjin were surveyed. Questionnaire health knowledge includes five types of 20 questions, the questionnaire score and awareness of the analysis. Results The pupils’ awareness of 19 of the 20 questions reached more than 50%, of which 7 were more than 95%. City students, boys scored higher, third graders scored lower than the other two grades. Health awareness of the top three were aware of alarm calls, scientific campaigns, eating raw fruits to be washed, the awareness rates were 99.7%, 98.2%, 97.6%. Relatively low awareness of the problems of human organ knowledge, prevention of malnutrition, dental caries prevention knowledge, awareness rate were 67.3%, 65.3%, 24.1%. Conclusion School health education programs should be implemented for pupils in combination with urban and rural areas, sex and grade.