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改革开放后,我国经济持续高速发展,但能源供给始终是瓶颈。作为世界上最大的煤炭生产国和消费国,煤炭已占到全国一次性能源需求的68%。而我国煤炭的主要产地在北方,主要消费地在华东和华南,从而决定了我国能源运输格局的主要特征是“北煤南运”和“西煤东调”。为此,我国先后建成了大秦和朔黄两大煤炭运输通道,煤炭经铁路运至秦皇岛、天津、黄骅等北方港口装船下水,运往东部以及华南地区。煤炭作为我国的基础能源,以煤为主的能源结构在未来相当长时期内难以改变,这种运输格局还将持续存在。
After the reform and opening up, China’s economy sustained rapid development, but the energy supply has always been the bottleneck. As the world’s largest producer and consumer of coal, coal accounts for 68% of the country’s one-off energy needs. The main origin of China’s coal in the north, the main consumer in East China and South China, which determines the pattern of China’s energy transport is characterized by “North coal south transport ” and “West coal east transfer ”. To this end, China has successively built two major coal transportation routes, namely, Daqin and Shuohuang. Coal has been shipped to Qinhuangdao, Tianjin, Huanghua and other northern ports for shipment to eastern China and southern China. Coal as the basic energy of our country, coal-based energy structure is difficult to change in a long period of time in the future, this transport pattern will continue to exist.