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在低速风洞虚拟飞行试验系统中,采用三自由度(3-DOF)球铰支撑动力学相似缩比飞机模型,在气动力矩作用下试验模型可绕质心自由转动。这种带约束的运动与具有六自由度(6-DOF)的真实大气飞行存在差别,鉴于此,对各影响因素逐个剖离并进行了数值模拟和对比分析。结果表明:位移约束使两者间的动力学特性产生较明显的差异,缩比的影响符合相似准则规律,机构摩擦、模型重心与支撑点不重合影响较小,常值干扰力矩对模型的初始响应有一定影响。对比分析结果可以用于指导风洞虚拟飞行试验的开展,并有助于完善风洞虚拟飞行试验技术及其拓展应用。
In the low-speed wind tunnel virtual flight test system, a 3-DOF (3-DOF) ball joint is used to support the dynamic similarity reduction aircraft model. Under the aerodynamic torque, the test model can rotate freely around the center of mass. This constrained movement is different from a real 6-DOF (6-DOF) real atmosphere flight. In view of this, the factors are separated one after the other and numerically simulated and compared. The results show that: the displacement constraint makes the dynamic characteristics of the two models have obvious differences, and the influence of the reduction ratio accords with the rule of similarity criterion. The friction of the mechanism, the influence of the misalignment between the model center of gravity and the support point is small, Response has some influence. The results of comparative analysis can be used to guide the development of wind tunnel virtual flight test and help to improve the wind tunnel virtual flight test technology and its application.