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物价改革能否成功,不仅仅取决于物价改革方案本身,而取决于整个改革的深入。物价改革在经济方面要抓好三个环节。一是企业机制。物价改革首先涉及到企业特别是大企业的机制和承受能力。企业经济效益好,消化能力强。涨价以后,成本增加,相当一部分由企业内部消化,就会避免“比价回归”现象的出现。否则,原材料涨,产品也涨价,涨了这个涨那个,转了一圈,又回到比价不合理的出发点上,这样的物价改革就没有意义。二是金融环节。物价改革,既要控制货币发行,又不影响生产。通过银行紧缩货币,减少基本建设和残次品生产,促进企业结构改变,保证那些经济效益好的企业基础设施建设,流动资金不受影响。三是市场环节。物价改革和市场兴盛不能分开。离开市场条件搞物价改革,就难以达到预期目的。
Whether or not price reform will succeed depends not only on the price reform program itself, but on the depth of the entire reform. The price reform must pay attention to the three links in the economy. The first is the corporate mechanism. The price reform first involves the mechanism and affordability of enterprises, especially large enterprises. The company has good economic returns and strong digestion. After the price increase, the cost increases, a considerable part of the internal digestion of the company, it will avoid the phenomenon of “price ratio regression”. Otherwise, raw materials have gone up, products have also risen in price, they have risen that one, they have turned around, and they have returned to the starting point of unreasonable prices. This kind of price reform is meaningless. The second is financial links. Price reforms must control currency issuance without affecting production. Through the tightening of the currency by banks, the reduction in capital construction and the production of defective products, the promotion of changes in the corporate structure, and the construction of infrastructure for enterprises with good economic returns will not be affected. The third is the market segment. Price reforms and market prosperity cannot be separated. It is difficult to achieve the intended purpose by making price reforms out of market conditions.