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采用注塑工艺制备剑麻纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料,研究纤维含量、长度及其分布、不同基体树脂和相容剂类型等对复合材料冲击性能的影响。分析单纤维强度的分散性,采用修正的Weibull分布模型估算临界纤维强度,并对复合材料的冲击强度进行预测。结果表明:剑麻/聚丙烯的冲击强度随纤维含量增加而升高,树脂基体的性质对冲击强度具有显著的作用;界面层为刚性层的相容剂MAPP对冲击强度具有负作用,而界面层为柔性层的相容剂PP g GMA对冲击强度具有提高作用;同等含量下,使用PP g GMA后复合材料的冲击强度比使用MAPP提高21.7%。通过KH550硅烷溶液处理后的纤维与PP g GMA反应,在界面处引入更加柔性的界面层,使冲击强度比引入MAPP提高50.7%。将纤维取向因子引入冲击强度模型后,预测值与实测值符合较好。
Sisal fiber reinforced polypropylene (PP) composites were prepared by injection molding. The effects of fiber content, length and distribution, different matrix resins and compatibilizer types on the impact properties of composites were studied. The dispersion of single fiber strength was analyzed. The modified Weibull distribution model was used to estimate the critical fiber strength and the impact strength of the composite was predicted. The results show that the impact strength of sisal / polypropylene increases with the increase of fiber content, and the properties of the resin matrix have a significant impact on the impact strength. MAPP, a compatibilizer for the rigid layer, has a negative effect on the impact strength, while the interface PP g GMA, a compatibilizer for the flexible layer, has an impact on the impact strength. The impact strength of PP g GMA composites increases by 21.7% compared with MAPP at the same content. After treated with KH550 silane solution, the fibers reacted with PP g GMA to introduce a more flexible interfacial layer at the interface, resulting in a 50.7% increase in impact strength over the introduction of MAPP. After introducing the fiber orientation factor into the impact strength model, the predicted value is in good agreement with the measured value.