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从1950年开始了人类染色体的分析。很快,确定了人类Y染色体在原始性别中的决定作用。有一条Y染色体存在即形成睾丸,无Y染色体存在则形成卵巢。除此规律以外,很快又发现了引人注目的XX男性、XY女性及XX真两性畸形,并为原始性别确定机制的研究提供了重要线索。很显然,XX男性的存在表示睾丸的发育并不一定需要整条Y染色体。同样,XY女性的存在表明大部分Y染色体并不指令睾丸的形成。这些观察,促使人们去寻找一个位于Y染色体上某部位假定的睾丸决定因子(TDF)。最近,获得了一些重要的资料。 TDF基因的部份顺序编码一种所谓指状蛋白,这种蛋白结合于DNA,并调控其转录。这样TDF可能通过基因的开关发动一连
Since 1950, human chromosome analysis has been started. Soon, the determinant of the human Y chromosome in primary sex was identified. There is a testis that exists in the presence of a Y chromosome, ovaries in the absence of a Y chromosome. In addition to this rule, the conspicuous XX males, XY females, and XX hermaphroditism were soon discovered and provided an important clue for the study of the original sex determination mechanism. Obviously, the presence of XX males indicates that testicular development does not necessarily require the entire Y chromosome. Similarly, the presence of XY females indicates that most of the Y chromosome does not instruct testicular formation. These observations prompted people to look for a putative testis factor (TDF) at a site on the Y chromosome. Recently, some important information has been obtained. The partial sequence of the TDF gene encodes a so-called finger protein, which binds to DNA and regulates its transcription. This TDF may be through the gene switch to start