在美国旧金山亚洲艺术博物馆(下文简称亚博)的日本艺术藏品中,有一幅描绘著名军阀丰臣秀吉(公元一五三七~一五九八年)的画像[图1-1],该像在传世的二十余幅同类画作中堪称精品。目前,至少有五幅丰臣秀吉画像已被日本政府列为“重要文化财”(日本东京国立博物馆官方网站如此表述,“重要文化财”即“重 In the collection of Japanese art in the Asian Art Museum in San Francisco, USA (hereafter referred to as Yabo), there is a portrait depicting the famous warlord Toyotomi Hideyoshi (1537 ~ 1598) [Figure 1-1] In the handed down more than twenty similar paintings called excellent. At present, at least five portraits of Toyotomi Hideyoshi have been listed by the Japanese government as ”important cultural assets“ (the official website of the Tokyo National Museum in Japan states that ”important cultural assets“ or ”heavy"