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应急管理的实践表明,各个国家和地区应对危机的组织方式、体系等千差万别,但其中对应急管理教育作用的认识、对应急管理教育制度的设计和开展程度,直接决定了应急管理的绩效。因此开展实效的危机管理教育是危机管理链条中至关重要的环节。然而,目前我国这一环节存在着严重的问题,亟需加强。为此本文主要通过借鉴国外经验,并结合我国实际情况,提出并阐释了由研究型、培训型和科普型三种应急教育组成的应急教育体系,并针对各类型教育给出了相关的政策建议。
The practice of emergency management shows that the way and system of coping with crises in various countries and regions vary widely. However, the understanding of the role of emergency management education and the design and implementation of the emergency management education system directly determine the performance of emergency management. Therefore, developing effective crisis management education is a crucial link in the crisis management chain. However, there are serious problems in this aspect of our country and we urgently need to strengthen it. Therefore, this paper proposes and explains the emergency education system composed of three types of emergency education: research-type, training-type and science-type-type education mainly through drawing lessons from foreign experience and combining with the actual situation in our country, and gives relevant policy recommendations for all types of education .