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矿物晶体结构研究的主要内容是测定矿物中原子(离子、分子)的空间分布,以及利用所得资料,配合其它数据用以探讨及阐明矿物的物理和化学性质,矿物和矿床的成因等。因此,它是地质学、矿物材料、矿物物理的最基础的工作。 X射线衍射法是矿物晶体结构研究的一种主要方法。本讲拟对其历史、方法及晶体结构研究成果的应用作一介绍。同时附带谈一下中子衍射的问题。
The main content of mineral crystal structure research is to determine the spatial distribution of atoms (ions, molecules) in minerals and to use the data obtained in combination with other data to explore and clarify the physical and chemical properties of minerals, the genesis of minerals and mineral deposits. Therefore, it is the most basic work of geology, mineral materials and mineral physics. X-ray diffraction method is one of the main methods for studying the crystal structure of minerals. This lecture proposes to introduce its history, methods and application of the research results of crystal structure. At the same time talk about the problem of neutron diffraction.