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在一个叫做熔析除铜或“热析”除铜的作业中,使鼓风炉生产的粗铅冷却到接近其凝固点的温度时,铅中含铜一般为0.02～0.06%。铜的脱除常常是在一个称之为加硫除铜的间歇式作业中进行。在凝固点附近的温度下,将硫拌入铅液中,並用人工把浮到铅液上面的铜浮渣和铅的硫化物撇除。在拌入元素硫的粗铅中,残存铜的行为与某些受动力学支配的反应的出现是相一致的。这些反应决定了在过程中的某一特定时间内铜的存在形式。根据这些动力学原理,导致並研制出一种半工业性试验的连续加硫脱铜装置,其规模为0.5吨/时,一个工业规模的能力为36吨/时的连续加硫脱铜的设计现已准备就绪。已经研究出来的加硫除铜的数学模型能够准确地予测间歇作业及连续作业所能达到的效果。
In a process called copper removal by melting or “pyrometallurgical” copper removal, copper contained in lead is typically 0.02-0.06% copper when it is cooled to a temperature close to its freezing point. Copper removal is often carried out in a batch process called sulfurization and copper removal. Sulfur is mixed with the lead solution at a temperature near the freezing point and the copper scum and lead sulfide floating on the lead solution are manually skimmed off. In crude lead mixed with elemental sulfur, the behavior of residual copper is consistent with the appearance of some dynamically dominated reactions. These reactions determine the form of copper present at some point in the process. According to these kinetic principles, a semi-industrial test of continuous sulfur removal and de-copper equipment has been led and developed. Its scale is 0.5 ton / h, and an industrial scale design with capacity of 36 t / Now ready. The mathematic model of sulfurization and copper removal, which has been studied, can accurately predict the effect of intermittent operation and continuous operation.