几乎所有俄国传统的历史著作都把蒙古在俄国历史上的作用以下面两种方式的一种来描绘:不是低估和否定蒙古的影响,就是把蒙古对俄罗斯历史的贡献全部视为消极因素。其论述的基础是:原始游牧的蒙古人只停留在草原上而没有进入俄罗斯的森林地带,而且处于原始阶段的蒙古人的政治、社会和道德水准也大大低于定居的文明的俄罗斯人。因而,俄罗斯 Almost all of the traditional Russian historical writings portray Mongolia’s role in Russian history as one of two ways: not to underestimate and negate the influence of Mongolia, to regard all its contribution to the history of Russia as negative. Its argument is based on the fact that primitive nomadic Mongols stayed in the grasslands and did not enter the Russian forestlands, and the Mongolians in their primitive stages were significantly lower in political, social and moral standards than settle civilized Russians. Thus, Russia