营口是晚清东北地区最早开放的口岸城市,从1861年开埠通商到1905年开始衰落,在半个世纪的时间内迅速崛起和衰落,对东北区域的社会经济格局产生了重要影响。本文试从营口开埠、港口兴盛以及港口衰落三个方面分析港口兴衰的环境作用。 Yingkou was the earliest open port city in Northeast China in the late Qing Dynasty. From the port trade in 1861 to the decline in 1905, its rapid rise and decline in half a century have had a significant impact on the social and economic patterns in the Northeast. This article attempts to analyze the environmental impact of the rise and fall of ports from three aspects: the opening of Yingkou, the flourishing of the port and the decline of the port.