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当下,对以扬·穆卡若夫斯基为代表的布拉格学派文论的译介与研究,是我国外国文论研究中较为薄弱的环节。国外在这方面的研究已较为成熟,特别是俄苏学界的研究。从总体上看,俄苏学界对布拉格学派文论的研究起步较晚且总体规模不如欧美,但因为其悠久的文论研究传统,加之与布拉格学派之间存在历史及学理上的密切联系,所以他们的研究有得天独厚的优势。本文对俄苏学界不同历史时期在穆卡若夫斯基文论研究上的几部颇具代表性的文本进行考察,并结合欧美的研究现状,对俄苏学界的布拉格学派文论研究历史及现状进行回顾,并对已取得的成就和存在的问题进行评述。
At present, the translation and study of the Prague school literary theory represented by Jan Mukarovski is the weakest link in the study of foreign literary theory in our country. Foreign studies in this area have become more mature, especially in Russia and the Soviet Union. Generally speaking, the study of literary theory of Prague School started relatively late and the overall scale is not as good as that of Europe and the United States, but because of its long tradition of literary theory and historical and academic ties with the Prague School, Their research has unique advantages. This article examines several representative texts in Mukarovsky’s literary theory in different historical periods in the Russian and Soviet academic circles, and reviews the history and current situation of literary criticism in Prague academic circles in Russia and the Soviet Union in combination with the current research situation in Europe and the United States , And comment on the achievements made and the existing problems.