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一、长江最早设立的水尺及水文站长江最早观测水位,据初步查考,为东汉建宁元年(公元168年)四川灌县都江堰宝瓶口“石人水则”。其次为唐代广德二年(公元704年)起断续刻枯水位高低的四川涪陵白鹤梁“石鱼题刻”,及宋代(约公元1120年)把洪水水痕刻于石碑上的江苏太湖“吴江水则碑”。这些都是应用天然石刻划的“石人”“石鱼”“石碑”,标志水位变化、枯水高低、洪水大小,作为防洪、用水、旱涝程度的依据。
First, the earliest water level gauge and hydrological station in the Yangtze River The earliest observation of the Yangtze River water level, according to the preliminary investigation, was the Eastern Han Dynasty Jianning first year (AD 168) Dujiangyan, Sichuan Guanxian Baishinkou “Shirenze.” Followed by the Tang Dynasty Guangde two years (AD 704) from the level of intermittent high and low trawling crane in Fuling, Hebei Crane “stone fish inscriptions” and the Song Dynasty (about 1120 AD) to mark the flood water on the stele in Jiangsu Taihu Lake “ Wujiang water monument. ” These are the “Shiren” “stone fish” and “stone tablet” which are delineated by natural stone sculptures. They indicate the change of water level, the level of low water and the size of flood as the basis of flood control, water use and drought and flood.