西汉光禄大夫刘向著有《说苑》一书,其中谈到为官之道时,把官员分为12类,列为“六正六邪”。笔者对其进行了整理,予以如下解释:六正:高瞻远瞩,防患未然,此为“圣”;虚心尽意,扶善除恶,此为“良”;夙兴夜寐,进贤不懈,此为“忠”;明察成败,转祸为福,此为“智”;恪尽职守,廉洁奉公 Liu Guang of the Western Han Dynasty Guanglu doctor directed a book, which talked about the official way, the officials are divided into 12 categories, as “six positive six evil.” The author arranges them to be explained as follows: Six positive: far-sighted, preventive measures, this is “holy”; humbly, good evil, this is “good”; 夙 Xing night sleep soundly, Jinxian tireless, this is “Loyalty”; clear success or failure, turning disaster into blessing, this is “wisdom”; to fulfill their duties, honest and serve the public