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从世界范围来看,提炼产品的年产量大约等于鱼粉年产量,其中80%由肉骨粉和禽类副产品组成。这些产品质量变动大、灰分含量高,它们被农林的其它部门充分利用。它们不大可能满足鱼饲料的高蛋白需要,但它们有利的氨基酸组成能弥补植物来源的蛋白质的不足。将海产品加工废弃物和渔获副产品转化成鱼粉,其数量大致相当于世界鱼粉年产量,它们就有可能为水产饲料提供数量可观的鱼粉和鱼油。但是,灰分含量高和收集加工上的困难制约了对它们的充分利用。因此粮食和含油种子的副产品成为未来水产饲料蛋白质和能量最有希望的来源。尽管对植物来源的饲料成分的利用的研究已取得了很多进展,但还有一些重大问题尚待解决。遗传学家、鱼类营养学家以及生产这些产品的工业部门创新的合作研究正在解决这些问题。使用酶添加剂来增加这些替代饲料原料的营养价值和效力是有潜力的。
Globally, the annual output of refined products is approximately equal to the annual output of fishmeal, of which 80% consists of meat and bone meal and bird by-products. The quality of these products varies widely and their ash content is high. They are fully utilized by other sectors of agriculture and forestry. They are unlikely to meet the high protein requirements of fish feeds, but their favorable amino acid composition can make up for the deficiencies of plant-derived proteins. Converting seafood processing wastes and by-products into fishmeal in amounts roughly equal to the world annual output of fishmeal makes it possible to provide considerable amounts of fishmeal and fish oil for aquafeeds. However, the high ash content and difficulties in collecting and processing restrict their full utilization. Thus by-products of grain and oilseeds are the most promising source of future aquafeed protein and energy. Although much progress has been made in the study of the utilization of plant-derived feed ingredients, a number of major issues remain to be resolved. Innovative collaborative research by geneticists, fish nutritionists, and industrial sectors that produce these products is addressing these issues. There are potential uses of enzyme additives to increase the nutritional value and potency of these alternative feed ingredients.