本文是日本政府推荐医生用体检作筛查的方法(Physical Examination,PE),而不是用乳房X 线照相术方法(Mammography,MG)来筛查.作者用成本-效益模式比较了五种策略:1.不筛查;2.体检;3.乳房 X 线照相术;4.如果体检发现异常就进行乳房 X 照相术,5.体检+乳房 X 线照相术.对各种筛查方案、阶段分布、由5年到10年生存率 This article is the Japanese government’s recommendation for physicians to use Physical Examination (PE) as a screening method rather than screening using Mammography (MG). The authors compare five strategies using the cost-benefit model: 1. No screening; 2. Physical examination; 3. Mammography; 4. Mammography if abnormalities are detected on physical examinations, 5. Physical examination + mammography. Survival rate from 5 to 10 years