论文部分内容阅读
研究了六盘山区辽东栎(Quercus liaotungensis)灌丛的种子产量、土壤种子库组成、湿沙和风干贮藏对种子寿命的影响以及动物取食子叶对种子萌发和幼苗建立的影响。结果表明,辽东栎灌丛种子的完好率为27.51%,被动物取食或搬运种子的比例(41.51%)显著高于其他类型种子(p<0.01);辽东栎次生林土壤种子库中萌发和虫蛀种子分别占35.16%和38.29%,完好种子仅占13.65%,捕食动物主要通过贮藏或搬运而影响土壤种子库中的种子密度。湿沙贮藏60天的辽东栎种子自动萌发率高达96.67%,短期贮藏可加快种子的萌发进程,提高萌发率和萌发指数,但随着贮藏时间的延长,种子萌发进程延迟,萌发率、萌发指数和活力指数均不同程度地降低。排除动物取食处理的幼苗在林窗和林下生境的存活率分别为80%和83%,而不排除动物取食幼苗在2种生境中分别仅有25%和31%能够存活,表明子叶在幼苗建立中具有重要作用。林窗中幼苗子叶的动物取食率(85.00%)高于林下(71.00%),子叶留存的幼苗在林窗中的存活率(6.00%)低于林下(15.50%),而子叶被取食幼苗的存活率在两种环境中基本相等(分别为18.50%和18.00%)。
The effects of seed yield, composition of soil seed bank, wet sand and air-dried storage on seed life, and the effect of feeding cotyledons on seed germination and seedling establishment of Quercus liaotungensis shrub were studied. The results showed that the intact rate of Quercus liaotungensis shrub was 27.51%, and the percentage of animals fed or transported seeds was 41.51% (p <0.01). The germination rate and the number of pests in the soil seed bank of Quercus liaotungensis Seedlings accounted for 35.16% and 38.29% respectively, while intact seeds accounted for only 13.65%. Predators affected the seed density in the soil seed bank mainly through storage or handling. The seed germination rate of Quercus liaotungensis 60 days after wet sand storage was as high as 96.67%. Short-term storage could accelerate the germination process and increase the germination rate and germination index. But with the prolongation of storage time, the seed germination progress was delayed, the germination rate, germination index And vitality index decreased to varying degrees. Survival rates of the seedlings excluding animal feeding treatments in the gill and understory habitat were 80% and 83%, respectively, without excluding that only 25% and 31% of the animals inhabited the seedlings respectively survived, indicating that the cotyledons In seedling establishment has an important role. The survival rate of seedlings in cotyledons (6.00%) was lower than that in undergrowth (15.50%), while that of cotyledons Survival of feeding seedlings was nearly equal in both environments (18.50% and 18.00%, respectively).