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淮河上游及正阳关以上各大支流都源出山区,坡度陡峻。山区与丘陵区的来水,是造成洪水的主要原因。山水的特征是峯高流急,水位暴涨暴落,一次洪峯的持续时间较短,如果采用疏浚河道的办法,需要工作量很大,显属不经济亦不合理。如完全采用筑堤办法,则堤防需筑得很高,防守不易,安全无保证。因此最妥善的措施是在其上游修建山谷水库,攔蓄洪水,再配合支下游河道的适当整理,以解决各支流洪水灾害。根据过去气象水文观测资料的分析,淮河上源及淮南各山区支流是淮河干流洪水的主要来源地。
The major tributaries of the upper Huaihe River and Zhengyangguan are all sourced from mountainous areas with steep slopes. The incoming water in mountainous and hilly areas is the main cause of flooding. The characteristics of the landscape are the rush hour of the peak, the rising and falling of the water level, and the short duration of a flood peak. If dredging the river is adopted, the work load is large and it is not economical or reasonable. If the embankment method is adopted completely, the embankment needs to be built very high, it is not easy to defend and the security is not guaranteed. Therefore, the most appropriate measure is to build a valley reservoir upstream of it to stop floods and to coordinate with the proper arrangement of the downstream river courses to solve the tributary flood disasters. According to past meteorological and hydrological data, the upper reaches of the Huaihe River and the tributaries of various mountainous areas in Huainan are the main sources of floods in the mainstream of the Huaihe River.