中耳胆脂瘤主要特征是在中耳腔内存在角化鳞状上皮的高度增生和引起邻近的骨质破坏,以及程序性角质细胞凋亡,导致腔内角化碎屑的堆积。它具有侵袭性、破坏性、迁移性、非正常调控下的增殖性、分化变异性、复发性等,类似于恶性肿瘤的生物学特征,但在病理上确属良性病变,并非恶性 The main feature of middle ear cholesteatoma is the presence of hyperplasia of keratinized squamous epithelium in the middle ear cavity and the adjacent bone destruction, as well as apoptosis of programmed keratinocytes leading to the accumulation of intrakeratotic keratinized detritus. It is invasive, destructive, migratory, abnormal regulation of proliferation, differentiation variability, recurrent, etc., similar to the biological characteristics of malignant tumors, but in the pathology is indeed a benign lesion is not malignant