医院感染(Nosocomial infections)即在医院里所发生的感染,据统计在美国每年发生近200万起,其中直接死于医院感染的有3%。医院感染的发生原因是多种多样的因素相互作用;极为复杂,没有简单的防治方法。但如措施合理,近乎半数的医院感染是可以预防的。近廿年来流行病学的研究、清楚地表明:多数感染是与医务人员直接接触而传染给病人的。在医院里所有的病人和工作人员都潜藏着多种细 Nosocomial infections, infections that occur in hospitals, are estimated to occur in the United States of nearly 2 million each year, of which 3% are directly attributable to nosocomial infections. The causes of nosocomial infections are the interaction of a wide variety of factors; extremely complex and without simple prevention and treatment. However, if the measures are reasonable, almost half of the nosocomial infections can be prevented. Epidemiological studies in the past two decades have made it very clear that most infections are transmitted to patients in direct contact with medical staff. All patients and staff in the hospital are hidden in a variety of thin