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为了解不同作物秸杆主料基质在栽培平菇时所表现出的结果,特配制12种不同秸杆材料基质来栽培平菇。结果表明:平菇菌丝在各基质中的长速、长势及头茬子实体产量都表现出明显差异。平菇菌丝在油菜秸秆基质中长速最快,长势为优,结菇最早;在以黄豆秸秆、棉花秸秆和棉籽壳为主料的基质中,长速稍慢,结菇稍晚,头茬菇产量最好;在以高粱糠和高粱秸秆为主料的基质中,长速波动大,长势为良,头茬菇产量低,且出现死菇;在以玉米芯为主料的基质中,长速慢,长势良,头茬菇产量中等;在花生秧主料基质中,长速最慢,但长势为优,试验结束时未形成产量;在甘薯藤、小麦秸秆、玉米秸秆和白杨树叶为主料的基质中,长速最慢,且长势最差,实验结束未形成产量。根据各基质成分特点分析,只有当C/N在20～50之间,且基质中可溶性糖与粗纤维质量比在1附近时,菌丝才能生长最好,产量最高。因此,用不同秸杆主料栽培平菇时,必须根据其成分特点配制基质。
In order to understand the different crop straw matrix material in the cultivation of mushrooms when the results show, specially formulated 12 different straw material matrix to grow mushrooms. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the long-term and long-term growth of Pleurotus ostreatus in each matrix and the yield of the first stubble. Pleurotus ostreatus in rape straw matrix in the fastest long-term, excellent growth, the earliest mushroom; in soybeans straw, cotton stalks and cottonseed shell-based substrate material, the slow speed is slightly longer, mushrooms later, the first Crop yield is the best; in the sorghum and sorghum straw as the main material in the matrix, the long-term fluctuations, the growth is good, the first crop yield is low, and the emergence of dead mushrooms; corncob-based matrix , The growth rate was slow, and the yield of the first crop was medium. In the matrix of peanut seedling, the slowest speed was the slowest, but the growth was excellent, and the yield was not formed at the end of the experiment. In sweet potato vine, wheat straw, corn stover and poplar The main material of leaves in the matrix, the slowest long-term, and the worst growth, the end of the experiment did not form the output. According to the analysis of the characteristics of each matrix component, the mycelia grew best and had the highest yield only when the C / N was between 20 and 50, and the mass ratio of soluble sugar to crude fiber in the matrix was around 1. Therefore, the use of different straw materials mushroom cultivation, the ingredients must be based on the characteristics of its preparation matrix.