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目的:探讨去除尼古丁和焦油的香烟烟雾提取物(CSE)与尼古丁对大鼠睾丸氧化应激损伤及睾酮影响的差异及其机制。方法:30只SD雄性大鼠随机分为3组:对照组(PBS组)、CSE组及尼古丁组。8周后放射免疫法检测血清睾酮(T)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)水平;用黄嘌呤氧化酶法测定超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、硫代巴比妥酸法测定丙二醛(MDA)活性;HE染色观察睾丸组织形态学变化,并用电镜观察睾丸间质细胞和精子细胞的超微结构变化。结果:HE染色显示尼古丁组生精小管萎缩,生精细胞排列紊乱,数量减少。电镜下尼古丁组精子细胞出现异型性、凋亡,CSE组睾丸间质细胞中出现线粒体水肿,线粒体嵴消失及溶酶体增多。CSE、尼古丁组T值[(2.58±0.81)ng/ml,(1.74±0.51)ng/ml]、SOD值[(28.28±1.27)U/mg prot,(26.42±2.02)U/mg prot]较PBS组[T(6.02±0.75)ng/ml,SOD(38.07±1.39)]显著降低(P<0.05),MDA值[(0.65±0.070)U/mg prot,(0.76±0.073)U/mg prot]较PBS组[(0.50±0.066)U/mg prot]显著升高(P<0.05),两组之间比较有显著性差异(P<0.05),且T值与MDA呈负相关,与SOD呈正相关。对照组和CSE组FSH[(1.97±0.25),(1.92±0.29)mIU/ml]、LH[(8.49±0.42),(8.14±0.46)mIU/ml]显著高于尼古丁组[FSH(1.54±0.28)mIU/ml,LH(7.01±0.61)mIU/ml](P<0.05),但两组之间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:CSE与尼古丁对睾丸的损伤及血清睾酮的影响与氧化应激有关,但是两者对睾丸损伤部位、性激素及氧化应激水平影响不一。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of nicotine and tar cigarette smoke extract (CSE) and nicotine on testicular oxidative stress injury and testosterone in rats and its mechanism. Methods: Thirty SD male rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group (PBS group), CSE group and nicotine group. Eight weeks later, the levels of serum testosterone (T), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) were measured by radioimmunoassay. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was measured by xanthine oxidase method, The activity of malondialdehyde (MDA) was measured by acid method. The histological changes of testis were observed by HE staining. The ultrastructure of testicular stromal cells and sperm cells were observed by electron microscope. Results: HE staining showed atrophy of seminiferous tubules in nicotine group, and the number of spermatogenic cells was disorderly arranged. Electron microscope, nicotine group spermatogenic cells showed atypia, apoptosis, CSE group of testicular stromal cells in mitochondria edema, disappearance of mitochondrial cristae and increased lysosome. T values of CSE and nicotine group were (2.58 ± 0.81) ng / ml and (1.74 ± 0.51) ng / ml respectively], SOD value was (28.28 ± 1.27) U / mg prot and (26.42 ± 2.02) U / (P <0.05), MDA value [(0.65 ± 0.070) U / mg prot, (0.76 ± 0.073) U / mg prot (P <0.05). Compared with PBS group, there was a significant difference (P <0.05) between the two groups (P <0.05) Was positively correlated. FSH (1.97 ± 0.25) and (1.92 ± 0.29) mIU / ml and LH [(8.49 ± 0.42) and (8.14 ± 0.46) mIU / ml] in the control and CSE groups were significantly higher than those in the nicotine group [FSH 0.28) mIU / ml, LH (7.01 ± 0.61) mIU / ml] (P <0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05). CONCLUSION: The effects of CSE and nicotine on testicular damage and serum testosterone are related to oxidative stress. However, the effects of CSE and nicotine on testicular injury, sex hormones and oxidative stress are different.