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从20世纪70年代末开始,我国开始将煤层气作为一种能源进行开采,至今已有30多年的历史。近年来页岩气、致密砂岩气迅速发展,非常规能源正在引发新一轮的能源革命。我国煤层气储量居世界第三,2013年我国煤层气抽采量为156亿m~3,2014年产量估计约为160万m~3,2015年预计产量可达180万亿m~3。发展煤层气对于煤矿安全开采和煤炭资源综合利用有重要意义,我国出台了一系列相关的优惠政策,其中国家发展和改革委员会发布国家“十一五”“十二五”煤层气开发利用规划,使得煤层气产业快速发展。但我国煤层气产业依然存在一些有待解决的问题,如:煤层气矿业权问题始终没有解决;政府投入力度不足,煤层气开采并不经济;煤层气开采地质条件对比美国、加拿大等国家,地质条件复杂,勘探开采难度大等。就当今能源革命背景下我国煤层气发展过程存在的问题提出相关建议,对部分政策的调整将有利于煤层气产业健康快速的发展。
Since the late 1970s, China began to exploit CBM as an energy source for more than 30 years. In recent years, shale gas and tight sandstone gas have developed rapidly. Unconventional energy sources are triggering a new round of energy revolution. China has the third largest coalbed methane reserves in the world. In 2013, the CBM recovery in China was 15.6 billion m 3. The estimated output in 2014 is about 1.6 million m 3. In 2015, the estimated output will reach 180 trillion m 3. The development of coalbed methane is of great significance to coal mine safety exploitation and comprehensive utilization of coal resources. China has promulgated a series of related preferential policies, of which the National Development and Reform Commission promulgated the national “Eleventh Five-Year” “Twelfth Five-Year ” CBM Development and utilization planning, making the rapid development of coalbed methane industry. However, there are still some problems to be solved in the coalbed methane industry in our country, such as: the CBM mining right problem has not been solved; government investment is inadequate and CBM mining is uneconomical; CBM mining geological conditions are compared with those in the United States and Canada and other geological conditions Complex, difficult exploration and mining and so on. Suggestions are put forward on the existing problems in CBM development in China under the background of energy revolution. The adjustment of some policies will be beneficial to the healthy and rapid development of CBM industry.