异位骨髓在重度地中海贫血的患者中占15%,而在中轻度或其他情况的贫血中则更为少见。患者通常无症状,也可出现器官压迫症状和体征。异位骨髓主要靠X线或CT、脊髓造影诊断。本文报告:8例因异位骨髓对脊髓、脊柱或呼吸道压迫导致并发症的地中海贫血病人接受放射治疗。8例患者中,5例出现脊髓凝缩体征,2例背部疼痛,1例出现呼吸困难(主要是因异位骨髓对支气管和气管压迫所致)。手术摘除异位骨髓块,由于扩散和复发效果不理想。处理此类并发症使用小剂量的放射治疗其效果良好。作者的研究结果表明:10-26Gy的剂量能够恢复神经功能,故放射治疗应为首选疗 Ectopic bone marrow accounts for 15% of patients with severe thalassemia and is less common in mild to moderate anemia. Patients are usually asymptomatic, but also symptoms of organ compression and signs. Ectopic bone marrow mainly by X-ray or CT, myelography diagnosis. This article reports: 8 patients with thalassemia due to ectopic bone marrow compression on the spinal cord, spine or airway leading to radiation therapy. Among the 8 patients, 5 showed signs of spinal constriction, 2 had back pain, and 1 experienced dyspnea (mainly due to ectopic bone marrow involvement of bronchial and tracheal compression). Surgical removal of ectopic bone marrow, due to diffusion and recurrence effect is not satisfactory. The treatment of such complications with low-dose radiation therapy works well. The authors study showed that: 10-26Gy dose to restore nerve function, so radiation therapy should be the preferred treatment