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苏东剧变之后,马克思主义陷入了低潮。同时当代西方最为著名的四位思想家德里达、詹姆逊、哈贝马斯、吉登斯却不约而同地走向马克思主义。本文试图从以下三个方面来剖析这一事件。一、马克思主义在当今世界究竟还有没有意义。四位思想家的态度是:马克思主义已成为文化遗产,必然对当今人类产生影响;马克思主义对立面的存在决定了其不会过时;当今世界需要马克思主义作为前进路标。二、什么是马克思主义的基本特征。四位思想家的观点可以总结为:马克思主义是人民群众利益的忠实代表;马克思主义主要是哲学;马克思主义是多样性的统一。三、如何对待马克思主义。四大思想家给我们的启示是:立足现实而不是理论;区分马克思主义理论中的“死东西”与“活东西”;重树马克思主义在群众中的威信。
After the drastic changes in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, Marxism has plunged into a downturn. At the same time, the four most famous contemporary western thinker, Derrida, Jameson, Habermas and Giddens, all went towards Marxism. This article attempts to analyze the incident from the following three aspects. First, is there any point in Marxism in the world today? The attitudes of the four thinkers are as follows: Marxism has become a cultural heritage that inevitably affects today’s humankind; the existence of the antithesis of Marxism determines that it will not become out of date; and that the world today needs Marxism as its way forward. Second, what are the basic characteristics of Marxism? The views of the four thinkers can be summed up as follows: Marxism is the loyal representative of the people’s interests; Marxism is mainly philosophy; and Marxism is the unity of diversity. Third, how to treat Marxism. The enlightenments given by the four thinkers are as follows: based on reality rather than theory; distinguishing between “death” and “living things” in Marxist theory; and rebuilding the prestige of Marxism among the masses.