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问题提出随着科学进步和经济发展,各种现代高新技术不断引进和应用于我国精神病专科医院和综合性医院神经科等部门,极大地促进了学科的快速发展。先进的实验室检查如血液生化、免疫学、细胞学、病理学、微生物学、分子生物学以及各种特殊检查,包括心电图、X 线、彩超、动态脑电图、脑诱发电位、CT、磁共振(MRI)和正电子发射断层摄影术(PET)等,为临床医生确立诊断、疗效及预后提供了可供选择的辅助手段。然而,目前在实际工作中,尚存在滥用实验室和特殊检查技术及增加患者经济负担两个问题。如何更科学更合理选择必要的实验室和特殊检查项目,努力做到既有助于临床上尽快确诊,又尽可能减轻由此给患者带来经济负担,是我们每个医务人员及其管理者面临的重要课题,因此务必要“循证”。
Problems raised With the scientific progress and economic development, all kinds of modern high-tech constantly introduced and applied to China’s psychiatric hospitals and general hospital neurology and other departments, which greatly promoted the rapid development of the discipline. Advanced laboratory tests such as blood biochemistry, immunology, cytology, pathology, microbiology, molecular biology and various special examinations including electrocardiogram, X-ray, color Doppler, dynamic electroencephalogram, brain evoked potential, CT, magnetic Resonance (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET), etc., for clinicians to establish the diagnosis, efficacy and prognosis provide an alternative adjunct. However, in practical work, there are still two problems of abuse of laboratories and special inspection techniques and increasing the economic burden on patients. How to choose the necessary labs and special examinations scientifically and reasonably so as to help diagnose clinically as soon as possible and reduce the economic burden to patients as much as possible is what each of our medical staff and their managers Faced with the important issue, therefore, must be “evidence-based ”.