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[目的]了解海南州地区大、中学校藏族新生健康状况和患病情况,为有效采取针对性防治措施提供科学依据。[方法]按《全国学生体质健康状况检测实施方案》进行身高、体重的测量,按《1995年全国7～22岁学生身高、体重百分位数表》进行生长发育、营养状况评定。[结果]我州地区高中及大一藏族新生的常见病主要为龋齿、营养不良、视力不良及沙眼病,其患病率分别是26.40%、25.31%、23.97%及11.03%;肥胖患病率1.34%;HBV感染率为11.53%。[结论]学校应加强健康教育宣传工作,培养学生养成良好的个人卫生习惯,规范管理HBV感染者中“大三阳”学生,及时接种乙肝疫苗。
[Objective] To understand the health status and prevalence of Tibetan freshmen in large and middle schools in Hainan prefecture, and provide a scientific basis for effectively taking targeted prevention and cure measures. [Method] The height and weight were measured according to “The Implementation Plan of Physical Fitness Test for Students in China”. The growth and development and the nutritional status were evaluated according to the “Table of Height and Weight Percentage of Students of 7-22 Years Old in China in 1995”. [Results] The prevalence rates of freshmen in high school, freshmen and primary freshmen in our prefecture were mainly caries, malnutrition, poor eyesight and trachoma. The prevalence rates were 26.40%, 25.31%, 23.97% and 11.03% respectively. The prevalence of obesity 1.34%; HBV infection rate was 11.53%. [Conclusion] The school should strengthen the education of health education, cultivate students to develop good personal hygiene habits, standardize the management of HBV infection, “Big Sanyang” students, timely inoculation of hepatitis B vaccine.