(一)能动性是物质的普遍属性,还是人所特有的属性?众所周知,辩证唯物主义既承认人的主观能动性,又认为这种能动性受着客观存在及其规律的制约。然而,长期以来,我国哲学界把人具有主观能动性片面理解为能动性是人所特有的,因而否定了能动性是物质的普遍属性这一观点。其实,能动性是物质的普遍属性这一观点既符合马列主义经典著作家有关论述的精神实质,也符合客观世界的本来面目。 (I) Is motivation a universal property or a property peculiar to people? As we all know, dialectical materialism not only admits the subjective initiative of a man, but also considers it to be subject to objective existence and its laws. However, for a long time, it has been peculiar to the philosophers of our country to understand one-sidedly the subjective initiative of a man as motivated, thus negating the idea that motility is a universal property of matter. Actually, the view that the activity is a universal property of material accords with the spiritual essence of Marxist-Leninist classics and the true nature of the objective world.