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为有效评价并推荐丰产性、稳产性和适应性好的山地油菜品种在低纬高原山区推广应用,采用灰色关联度、AMMI模型和模糊聚类等分析方法,对玉溪市典型的暖冬年(2012年)与冷冬年(2015年)4个不同海拔试点的7个参试油菜品种进行稳定性和适应性对比分析。结果表明:(1)暖冬年和冷冬年主要气象因子与油菜产量的关联度有明显差异;(2)AMMI模型中暖冬年的基因、基因与环境互作两者方差分量均显著高于冷冬年,而环境方差分量则明显低于冷冬年;(3)基因型与环境间的互作对暖冬年与冷冬年的主要农艺性状影响存在较大差异。低纬高原山区应主推‘云花油早熟1号’、‘花油6号’、‘玉红油1号’和‘花油5号’等优质油菜品种。
In order to effectively evaluate and recommend the high yield, stable yield and adaptability of mountain rapeseed varieties in the low latitude plateau mountain area to promote the use of gray correlation, AMMI model and fuzzy clustering analysis methods, Yuxi City typical warm winter (2012 Year) and cold winter (2015), four test rapeseed cultivars at four altitudes were compared for stability and adaptability. The results showed that: (1) There was a significant difference in the correlation between main meteorological factors and the yield of rape in warm winter and cold winter; (2) The variance components of gene, gene and environment interaction in AMMI model were significantly higher than those in cold Winter, and the variance of environmental components was significantly lower than that in cold winter. (3) The interaction between genotype and environment had significant difference on the main agronomic characters in warm winter and cold winter. Low-latitude plateau mountain should be the main push ’cloud flower oil precocity 1’, ’Huayou 6’, ’Yu Hongyu 1’ and ’Huayou 5’ and other high-quality rape varieties.