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目的对小儿营养性缺铁性贫血(Irondeficiencyanemia,IDA)临床表现及病理特征进行分析,并掌握相关影响因素,为临床诊治提供必要依据。方法对我院2014年2月至2016年2月收治的147例IDA患儿的临床资料进行分析,分析临床特征,总结相关危险因素。结果本组147例患儿中,轻度贫血70例(47.6%),中度贫血64例(43.6%),重度贫血13例(8.8%);88.92%患儿是因消化系统、呼吸系统等疾病诊断发现存在贫血;通过分析,≤1岁、早产儿、低出生体重、既往病史、未适时辅食、母乳喂养对贫血严重度存在关系(P<0.05);通过回归分析表明,出生体重、既往病史是小儿IDA严重度的独立危险因素;本组患儿通过对症治疗均取得良好效果,恢复良好。结论小儿IDA的危险因素较多,应加强喂养指导,特别是要重视铁元素补充,对于高危小儿必须尽快给予干预,以免对小儿生长发育带来不良影响。
Objective To analyze the clinical manifestations and pathological features of irondeficiency anemia (IDA) in children and to determine the related influencing factors so as to provide the necessary evidences for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods The clinical data of 147 IDA children admitted from February 2014 to February 2016 in our hospital were analyzed, the clinical features were analyzed, and the related risk factors were summarized. Results Of the 147 patients, 70 (47.6%) had mild anemia, 64 (43.6%) had moderate anemia, and 13 (8.8%) had severe anemia. 88.92% of children suffered from anemia due to digestive system, respiratory system, etc. Anemia was found in the diagnosis of the disease. According to the analysis, ≤1 year old, premature infants, low birth weight, previous medical history, inadequate food supplement and breastfeeding had a significant relationship with the severity of anemia (P <0.05). The regression analysis showed that birth weight, History is an independent risk factor for IDA severity in children; this group of children through symptomatic treatment have achieved good results, recovered well. Conclusion There are many risk factors in children with IDA. We should strengthen the guidance of feeding, especially the supplement of iron. We must intervene as soon as possible to avoid adverse effects on the growth and development of children.