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商品经济的实践告诉我们:市场概念所包含的内容,不只是平等交换的抽象原则,还应有保证实现平等交换的组织形式等等。 现代商品经济同早期的商品交换相比,有两个比较明显的特征:一是商品交换的数量规模与空间规模巨大。产品从生产者转到消费者手里,一般都需经过好几个买卖环节,连接这些环节的正是复杂而有秩序的交换组织体系。二是政府对商品交换的干预。政府干预的目标有两个:(1)维护公平竞争、等价交换的原则:(2)在供需偏差过大时,对生产者或消费者
The practice of commodity economy tells us that the content of the market concept is not only the abstract principle of equal exchange, but also the organizational form that guarantees the realization of equal exchange. Compared with the early commodity exchange, the modern commodity economy has two distinct characteristics: First, the quantity and space scale of commodity exchange are huge. The transfer of a product from a producer to a consumer generally requires several sales transactions. It is the complicated and orderly exchange organization system that connects these links. The second is the government’s intervention in commodity exchange. There are two objectives of government intervention: (1) Principles of maintaining fair competition and equal exchange: (2) When there is a large deviation between supply and demand, producers or consumers