目的　探讨肺结核并发肺癌的关系及其临床特点。方法　回顾性分析肺结核合并肺癌 4 5例患者的临床特点、影像学表现 ,并与同期单纯肺结核 4 5例进行对照。结果　肺结核合并肺癌组 (TB +CA组 )中 ,肺癌与肺结核位于同侧同叶肺者 33例 (73.3% )。同侧不同叶肺 7例 (15 .5 % )。该组患者以大量吸烟史者居多 ,胸痛、痰血、消瘦、气急更加多见。X线表现 :(TB +CA)组肺癌病灶以团块阴影、分叶毛刺、肺不张多见。结论　肺癌与肺结核有一定的因果关系。肺结核与肺癌并存易误诊 ,应注意多种征象的联合分析和病灶的短期动态观察 Objective To investigate the relationship between pulmonary tuberculosis and lung cancer and its clinical features. Methods The clinical features, imaging findings of 45 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis complicated with lung cancer were retrospectively analyzed and compared with 45 cases of simple pulmonary tuberculosis in the same period. Results 33 cases (73.3%) of lung cancer and pulmonary tuberculosis located in the same side of the same lobe in pulmonary tuberculosis combined with lung cancer group (TB + CA group). Ipsilateral different leaf lung in 7 cases (15.5%). The majority of patients with a large number of smoking history, chest pain, sputum blood, weight loss, shortness of breath more common. X-ray findings: (TB + CA) group of lung cancer lesions with clumps, leaf burr, atelectasis more common. Conclusion There is a certain causal relationship between lung cancer and pulmonary tuberculosis. Tuberculosis and lung cancer coexist easily misdiagnosed, should pay attention to a variety of signs of joint analysis and short-term dynamic observation of lesions