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植物物种丰富度对植食性、寄生性和捕食性节肢动物多样性的影响是群落生态学的一个重要研究内容.探讨了作物物种丰富度对害虫及其天敌多样性的影响.通过连续4年5个作物物种丰富度水平的野外实验,发现作物物种丰富度显著性影响害虫物种丰富度,但对天敌物种丰富度的影响甚微.然而,害虫物种丰富度却显著影响天敌物种丰富度.这些发现表明,相邻营养层之间的级联效应较强,而不相邻营养层之间的作用关系被中间营养层所弱化.此外,本研究还发现,混栽田中节肢动物群落稳定性高于单一种植田中节肢动物群落稳定性.本研究结果突出了不同营养层之间复杂的作用关系以及作物多样性在农业生态系统食物网中的关键性角色.
The effect of plant species richness on the diversity of plant-eating, parasitism and predatory arthropods is an important research topic in community ecology. The effects of plant species richness on the diversity of pests and their natural enemies were discussed. Field experiments on crop species richness found that the richness of crop species significantly affected the species richness of pests, but had little effect on the abundance of natural enemies.However, the richness of pest species significantly affected the species richness of natural enemies. The results showed that the cascade effect between adjacent trophic layers was strong, but the interaction between non-trophic layers was weakened by the middle trophic layer.In addition, the study also found that the stability of arthropod community in mixed cropping field was higher than Arthropod community stability in a single crop field The results of this study highlight the complex roles of different nutrient layers and the critical role of crop diversity in the food web of agroecosystems.