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从产业升级的内涵界定入手,将产业升级分为三方面内容,即产业的产品升级、技术升级和产业结构的升级,从三个层面对改革开放以来中国产业升级状况进行了全面分析。随后,深入研究了垄断对产业升级的影响,并选择工业HHI系数和国有经济在工业产值中的比重作为自变量指标,对垄断的影响进行了实证检验。结果显示,HHI系数和国有经济比重对中国产业的产品升级具有正向作用,对技术升级和产业结构升级具有负向作用,但是综合来看,这两项指标对产品升级的正向作用是通过行政垄断获得的超额利润而实现的,不是技术创新推动的产品附加价值提升的结果。因此,减少行政性垄断是推动中国产业升级的重要举措。
Starting from the connotation of industrial upgrading, the industrial upgrading is divided into three parts: product upgrading, technology upgrading and upgrading of industrial structure in industry. The three aspects of industrial upgrading in China are comprehensively analyzed from three aspects. Subsequently, the monopoly’s influence on industrial upgrading was further studied, and the proportion of industrial HHI and state-owned economy in industrial output was chosen as an independent variable to test the impact of monopoly. The results show that the HHI coefficient and the share of state-owned economy have a positive effect on the product upgrading of Chinese industries and have a negative effect on upgrading of technologies and upgrading of industrial structure. However, on the whole, the positive effect of these two indicators on product upgrading is achieved through The excess profits obtained by the administrative monopoly are not the result of the added value of products promoted by technological innovation. Therefore, reducing administrative monopoly is an important measure to promote China’s industrial upgrading.