展望未来,领导科学将在以下三个方面发生变化。首先,纵向研究、实地研究和实验室研究将增多,对领导者与上司、下属、同事和顾客的相互作用将有更成熟的估计。其次,领导科学研究从整体上明显受到社会发展状况的影响。既需要较好的关系,又需要增加对生产率的关心,这两方面如何结合,将需要更多的研究。对放任型领导将不再容忍,但尚须注意避免在积极领导的幌子下重新恢复专制行为。计算机管理信息系统的世界已经到 Looking ahead, leadership science will change in the following three areas. First, vertical research, field research and laboratory research will increase, and there will be more mature estimates of the interactions between leaders and their superiors, subordinates, colleagues and customers. Second, leading scientific research is clearly affected by the state of social development as a whole. There is a need for better relationships and increased interest in productivity, and how these two aspects are combined will require more research. The laissez-faire leadership will no longer tolerate it, but care must also be taken to refrain from reinstating authoritarian behavior under the guise of active leadership. The world of computer management information system has arrived