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一、什么是肝性脑病? 肝性脑病是继发于急性肝功能衰竭或严重慢性实质性肝脏疾病的一种精神神经综合征。也就是,原发病变在肝脏,而表现的是中枢神经系统功能紊乱。不能把肝性脑病统称为肝昏迷,因为昏迷只是肝性脑病的一个症状,而且并不是每一个肝性脑病的病人均出现昏迷。 肝性脑病的常见病因包括门脉性肝硬化、重型的病毒性肝炎,此外,原发性肝癌、严重的胆道感染、晚期血吸虫病等也可并发肝性脑病。这是由于肝细胞功能衰竭,来自胃肠道的有害物质,未能被肝细胞代谢去毒而进入体循环,或是在门静脉高压时,由于门、腔静脉之间或肝内有自然形成的侧支循环,因此来自胃肠道的有害物质绕过肝脏,未经肝细胞代谢而进入体循环而至脑部。
First, what is hepatic encephalopathy? Hepatic encephalopathy is secondary to acute liver failure or severe chronic liver disease, a psychiatric syndrome. That is, the primary lesion is in the liver, and the manifestation is central nervous system dysfunction. Hepatic encephalopathy can not be collectively referred to as hepatic coma because coma is only a symptom of hepatic encephalopathy and not every coma in patients with hepatic encephalopathy. Common causes of hepatic encephalopathy include portal cirrhosis, severe viral hepatitis, in addition, primary liver cancer, severe biliary tract infection, advanced schistosomiasis can also be complicated by hepatic encephalopathy. This is due to liver cell failure, harmful substances from the gastrointestinal tract, failed to be metabolized by the liver cells to enter the systemic circulation, or in the portal hypertension, the door, the vena cava or the liver has a natural form of collateral Circulation, so harmful substances from the gastrointestinal tract bypasses the liver, without liver cell metabolism and into the systemic circulation to the brain.