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目的探讨影响张家港市肺结核的相关因素。方法采用非匹配设计的病例对照研究,选取2009年1月~2011年12月苏州市张家港地区新发肺结核患者为病例组,对照组是从同期健康体检人群中抽取的一个随机样本。制订统一的调查表进行面对面调查,用SPSS 19.0软件进行统计分析。结果单因素X~2检验分析结果显示性别、年龄、体重指数、文化程度、职业、接种卡介苗史、家庭有肺结核患者、流动人口等因素在病例组和对照组间之间的差异有统计学意义(均有P<0.05);多因素分析调整后显示,男性、超重或肥胖、接种卡介苗、家庭有肺结核患者、流动人口与肺结核发病相关(均有P<0.05)。其中,与文盲组相比,文化程度在小学组、初中组、高中或中专组和大专大学组发生肺结核的危险的OR(95%CI)分别是0.703(0.363,1.362)、0.405(0.214,0.767)、0.173(0.087,0.344)和0.169(0.079,0.366),呈现随文化水平提高,发生肺结核的危险性而下降的趋势(X~2=56.46,P<0.001)。结论接种卡介苗、文化水平高、超重或肥胖是肺结核的保护因素;男性、家庭有肺结核患者和人口流动是肺结核的危险因素。
Objective To explore the related factors affecting tuberculosis in Zhangjiagang City. Methods A case-control study with unmatched design was conducted. From January 2009 to December 2011, newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Zhangjiagang District of Suzhou City were selected as the case group. The control group was a random sample taken from the healthy people in the same period. Formulate a unified questionnaire for face-to-face investigation and conduct statistical analysis with SPSS 19.0 software. Results The results of single factor test showed that the differences of gender, age, body mass index, educational level, occupation, history of BCG vaccination, family history of pulmonary tuberculosis and floating population were significant between case group and control group (All P <0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that men, overweight or obesity, BCG vaccination, families with tuberculosis, and floating population were associated with pulmonary tuberculosis (all P <0.05). Among them, OR (95% CI) for the risk of tuberculosis with education in primary school, junior high school, high school or secondary school and tertiary college were 0.703 (0.363,1.362) and 0.405 (0.214, 0.767), 0.173 (0.087,0.344) and 0.169 (0.079,0.366), respectively, showing a trend of decreasing with the increase of culture level and the risk of developing tuberculosis (X ~ 2 = 56.46, P <0.001). Conclusions Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination is of high cultural level and overweight or obesity is the protective factor of tuberculosis. Men, family with tuberculosis and population mobility are the risk factors for tuberculosis.