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电子束焊接是近二十年发展起来的一种熔焊工艺。它是利用电子枪产生的电子,在高电压(万伏以上)作用下,以极快的速度射向焊接工件,使电子的动能转化为热能,将焊接部位的材料熔化,从而使工件熔结在一起。电子束焊的优点是:能量密度高(比电弧焊高五千至一万倍),穿透性强(电弧焊的深宽比为1.5比1至2比1,而高压电子束焊的深宽比可达20比1至50比1),变形小(因为热输入量低),焊缝致密,机械性能好,等等。
Electron beam welding is a fusion welding process developed in recent twenty years. It is the use of electron gun electron gun, under the action of high voltage (10000 volts or more), to the welding workpiece at a very fast speed, the kinetic energy of the electrons into heat, the welding site of the material melting, so that the workpiece frit together. Electron beam welding has the advantages of high energy density (5,000 to 10,000 times higher than arc welding) and high penetration (arc width to depth ratio of 1.5 to 1 to 2 to 1, while high-pressure electron beam welding Width ratio up to 20 to 1 to 50 to 1), small deformation (because of heat input is low), the weld is dense, good mechanical properties, and so on.