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目的:探讨伴黄疸早产儿的听力损失及损失程度与胎龄、出生体重等因素的关系。方法:应用听性脑干诱发电位对不同出生体重、不同胎龄,并排除颅内出血、缺血缺氧性脑病及神经系统疾病等28例伴黄疸早产儿进行测试。设置同年龄段早产儿组及足月儿组,以单侧耳V波反应阈>40 dBnHL作为听力损失指标,分析听力损失情况及损失程度,并分析Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ波潜伏期及各波波间期情况。结果:伴黄疸早产儿组、早产儿组、足月儿组单耳听力损失发生率分别为55.4%、43.5%和19.6%(P<0.01);伴黄疸早产儿组中,出生体重越低,听力损失发生率越高、程度越重;出生胎龄越小,听力损失程度越重,但胎龄≤30周者与≤34周者,听力损失发生率无明显差异(P>0.05);伴黄疸早产儿组的V波阈值高于足月儿组(P<0.01),与早产儿组Ⅴ波阈值及Ⅰ波潜伏期比较无明显差异,但伴黄疸早产儿组V波潜伏期及各波波间期均高于早产儿组及足月儿组(P<0.01)。伴黄疸早产儿组与早产儿组波Ⅰ潜伏期均较足月儿组延长(P<0.01)。结论:伴黄疸早产儿是听力损失的高危人群,其听力损失程度与出生体重、胎龄呈负相关。
Objective: To investigate the relationship between hearing loss and loss in preterm infants with jaundice and gestational age, birth weight and other factors. Methods: 28 cases of jaundiced premature infants with different birth weight, different gestational age, excluding intracranial hemorrhage, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and neurological diseases were tested with auditory brainstem response. The same age group of preterm infants and full-term infants were established. The unilateral ear V wave response threshold> 40 dBnHL was taken as the index of hearing loss. The hearing loss and loss were analyzed. The latency of Ⅰ, Ⅲ and Ⅴ wave Period situation. Results: The incidences of single-ear hearing loss in preterm infant, premature infant and full-term infant with jaundice were 55.4%, 43.5% and 19.6%, respectively (P <0.01). The birth weight of premature infants with jaundice was lower, The higher the incidence of hearing loss, the greater the degree; the smaller the gestational age, the greater the degree of hearing loss, but gestational age ≤30 weeks and ≤34 weeks, the incidence of hearing loss was no significant difference (P> 0.05); The V wave threshold of premature infants with jaundice was higher than that of full-term infants (P <0.01), and there was no significant difference between the pre-infants with jaundice and the pre-term infants. However, the latency of V wave and the inter- The durations were higher than those in premature infants and term infants (P <0.01). Compared with full-term infants, the latency of wave Ⅰ in preterm infants and premature infants with jaundice was prolonged (P <0.01). Conclusions: Preterm infants with jaundice are the high risk of hearing loss. The degree of hearing loss is negatively correlated with birth weight and gestational age.