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继《诗经》、《楚辞》之后 ,在中国诗歌史上 ,特别是汉魏六朝文学史上出现一种能够配乐歌唱的新体诗 ,叫做“乐府”。从殷代的瞽宗、周代的大司乐、秦代的乐府来说 ,乐府是一个音乐官署的名称 ;而且按刘勰在《文心雕龙·乐府》篇里所说的内容来看 ,“乐府”是专指那些入乐的诗歌。在本篇里 ,刘勰关于乐府的含义、起源 ,从汉代庙堂乐府的特点到三国魏晋乐府的特点都做了详细的说明。并且 ,还涉及到乐府总体的特征 ,即乐与辞的关系、雅咏与新声、协律与不入乐 ,把乐府作为一种独立文体论述的原因 ,等等。所以说 ,刘勰的《乐府》篇是一篇乐府文体的文学史。
Following the Book of Songs and The Songs of Chu, a new style of poem that can sing music in harmony appears in the history of Chinese poetry, especially in the history of Han, Wei and Six Dynasties. It is called “Yuefu”. From the Yin dynasty, the Grand Masters of the Zhou Dynasty and the Yue Palace of the Qin Dynasty, Yuefu was the name of a musical official department; and according to what Liu Xie said in Wen Xin Diao Long · Yue Fu, “Yuefu” refers specifically to those who enter the music of poetry. In this chapter, Liu Xie made a detailed explanation about the meaning and origin of Yuefu from the features of the Yuefu temple in the Han Dynasty to the characteristics of Yuefu in the Three Kingdoms. In addition, it also deals with the general characteristics of Yuefu, namely, the relationship between music and Ci, Ya-Yong and New Voice, and the law and unhappiness, as well as the reason why Yuefu is discussed as an independent style. So, Liu Xie’s “Yue Fu” is an article of Yuefu style of literary history.